@fantasai no. rel=next prev etc all page-to-page, the only well defined interpretation.
#microformats had some scoped use, from part of a page to another page (or part thereof), but it was defined only for hAtom¹ with rel=bookmark, and more loosely with rel=tag² across a few microformats, but nothing generic to all rel values.
Lastly, experience showed that authors were confused by scoped use of rel (with the exception of rel=tag), especially with any attempt at mixing class and rel microformats, so we settled on:
* class microformats³ for anything scoped / structured
* rel values⁴ for page-to-page relationships, orthogonal to other markup
[1] http://microformats.org/wiki/hatom
[2] http://microformats.org/wiki/rel-tag
[3] http://microformats.org/wiki/microformats2
[4] http://microformats.org/wiki/existing-rel-values